Newsletter No. 458

8 458 • 19.5.2015 本刊由香港中文大學資訊處出版，每月出版兩期。截稿日期及稿例載於 www.iso.cuhk.edu.hk/chinese/newsletter/ 。 The CUHK Newsletter is published by the Information Services Office, CUHK, on a fortnightly basis. Submission guidelines and deadlines can be found at www.iso.cuhk.edu.hk/english/newsletter/ . 觀看錄像，請掃描QR碼或瀏覽以下網址： To watch the video, please scan the QR code or visit: www.iso.cuhk.edu.hk/video/?nsl458-karime-martin 口談實錄 Viva Voce ’ 景秀 文化及宗教研究系博士生 Karine Martin PhD Student, Department of Cultural and Religious Studies 世界眾多宗教中，為何信奉道教？ 我喜歡道教是因為它是性命雙修的宗教，同時關注身和心這兩個 人生的重要層面。這是它與其他宗教不同之處，其他宗教有些關 心身體，另一些則專注心靈。道教是非常古老的傳統，經典卷帙浩 繁。如要學道，就會接觸大量材料。道教也是生氣蓬勃的傳統，有 大師能引領你入門，這是我來中國的原因。道教源於中國，這裏有 許多我可以追隨的大師。 道姑是做甚麼的？和其他宗教的修女或比丘尼有何分別？ 道姑持守的清規戒律和其他奉行隱修制度的宗教大同小異。道姑 須守五戒，即戒殺，戒盜，戒淫，戒妄語，戒酒。我們還有所謂三 皈，即皈依道，皈依經，皈依師，因為道是萬物的本源，師引領我們 修道，經則令你更了解自己、世界和大自然。 你有多少位師父？他們教了你甚麼？ 我的第一位師父是 黃世真 ，他收我為全真龍門派傳人，並賜我 「景秀」這個道號。「景」是龍門法派詩第三十二個字。創派祖師在 創派時寫了這首詩，每輩傳人順序選用一字。我這輩用第三十二個 字。師父選了「秀」為我道號的第二個字。他教導我在道觀生活的 規章戒律，以及如何適應這種生活方式。我在武漢追隨第二位師父 任宗權 ，學習道教科儀和閱讀經典。我的第三位師父是雲南巍寶山 的 劉圓通 ，他教我打坐練氣，令我保持健康。 隱修學道令你的人生有何改變？ 外在而言，我的人生完全改變了；內在而言，我更為從容自在。這 並非說我從前不快樂，而是我對人生有了更透徹的了悟，令我內心 更為平靜。我們感到不快樂，通常是因為不了解自己、其他人和世 界如何運作，但一旦你把道教無爭的道義應用出來，人生處世就會 更悠然自適。 最大的犧牲是甚麼？ 我不覺得有何犧牲，因為我所做的一切，都是我想要做的。就算不 是我想做的，也是為了獲得重要的領悟而必須做的。 入道可以分不同程度。你可以偶爾上上道觀，讀讀道教經典，看看 有關道教哲學的書籍。你也可以追隨師傅學道，並在家打坐，或者 更常讀經，令道教成為人生中更重要的部分。或者你可以把人生 全部專注於修道。你想要達到甚麼程度都可以，沒有人會加以論 斷，因為只要這是你心意所屬，那就最適合於你。對於那些沒有我 那麼投入修道的人，我不會覺得自己比他們更高等。我們應簡樸隨 意，率性自然，隨心之所適。 你受過的神經科學訓練與你的宗教觀如何互相影響？ 我學習神經科學和修道是出於相同目的，只是途徑不一樣。我學習 神經科學，是為了更了解自己和世界，而我現在修道，也是為了這 目標。神經科學的目標是了解人腦，以製造藥物治病。道教則是為 了自我療癒，並達至能從容面對世間萬物的境界。 你在中大修讀甚麼？為甚麼會來？ 我在中大師從 黎志添 教授研究當代隱修道教，這是我的博士研 究。我可以利用我過去十年在中國大陸道觀生活的經驗。我也覺 得關於道教世界的研究很少，很少人知道它是宗教，知道它可以是 一種隱修宗教的人就更少了。 我希望見到道教典籍翻譯為其他語文。現存的道書有一千六百多 種，但有翻譯的只有0.5%。你看看世上所有大宗教，只有道教沒有 真正傳播到中國或華人社會以外的世界。 What moved you into Taoism among religions? Why Taoism? What I like about Taoism is that it focuses on two important aspects of life—the body and the mind. This distinguishes it from other religions where some might focus on the body, while others might focus more on the mind. Taoism is a very ancient tradition with a wide range of scriptures. This means if you study Taoism, you’ll have access to a wide range of material. Taoism is also a living tradition. There are masters who can guide you into the religion. That was why I came to China. Taoism originated in China and there are still many great masters in China whom I could learn from. What exactly is a Taoist nun? In what ways do Taoist nuns live differently from other nuns? A Taoist nun is subject to rules and regulations similar to those of other religions that embrace monasticism. Taoist nuns take five vows—not to kill, steal, lie, have sexual activities, drink alcohol. We also follow the three worships. We worship the Tao as the source of everything; worship the master because he’s the one guiding us towards the Tao; the scriptures because they enable us to better understand ourselves, the world and nature. more important part of life by taking a master and practicing meditation at home, or reading the scriptures more regularly. Or you can devote your life entirely to the pursuit. And nobody would ever judge you for the level you decide to take, because if it’s the result of your will, it’s just right for you. I don’t consider myself at a higher level than those without my level of commitment. Keep things simple, keep things spontaneous, and follow what your heart tells you. How has your training as a neuroscientist shaped your view of religion and vice versa? My aims of studying neuroscience and studying Taoism are the same although the tools are different. I chose neuroscience to better understand myself and the world, and now, I’m studying Taoism to do the same. Neuroscience studies the brain in order to produce medicine to cure diseases. In Taoism, you want to cure yourself and transform into a state where you are at ease with everything. What are you studying at CUHK? Why? I’m studying contemporary monastic Taosim with Prof. Lai Chi-tim as part of my PhD research at CUHK. This way I can use my experience living in temples in mainland China of the last decade. I also feel there’s been very little research done in the world on Taoism. Very few people know that it’s a religion; even fewer know it can be a monastic religion. Something I’d like to see is the translation of Taoist texts into other languages. The Taoist canon contains some 1,600 texts but only 0.5% of these have been translated. When you look at all the big religions in the world, only Taoism hasn’t really extended its reach outside China or the Chinese communities. How many masters have you had and what did they teach you? My first master Huang Shizhen gave me my lineage and name Jingxiu. ‘Jing’ is the 32nd character of the Longmen lineage poem. The founder created the poem when he founded the lineage and each generation of disciples would choose a character in order. Mine is the 32nd character. My master picked the second character ‘Xiu’ for me. He taught me the rules and regulations of living in a temple, and how to adapt to this way of life. I followed a second master in Wuhan, Ren Zongquan from whom I learn how to practise the rituals and read the scriptures. A third master Liu Yuantong in the sacred Mount Weibao in Yunnan showed me how to practise meditation and circulate the qi in my body so that I’m always in good health. What changes have your monastic existence brought to your life? Externally my whole life has changed. Internally, I’m more relaxed. This is not to say I wasn’t happy before, but that I’ve reached a deeper understanding of life and so it makes me much more at peace. Very often we get upset because we don’t understand how we, others and the world work. But once you apply the practice of Taoism which is about non-contention, you go through life in a much more leisurely way. What has been the greatest sacrifice? I don’t feel there’s been any sacrifice because everything I’ve done was what I wanted to do. If it wasn’t what I wanted to do, it was what was necessary for me to achieve something important. You can enter Taoism at different levels. You can go to the temple and read the scriptures and about Taoist philosophy from time to time. You can choose to make it a Photo by ISO staff